Wallets & Subaccounts

Overview

The LFG SDK uses a wallet and subaccount system to manage trading accounts. Understanding this architecture is crucial for building trading applications.

Wallet

Your main account identified by an address (e.g., lfg1abc...). Controls access and signs transactions.

Subaccount

Trading accounts under a wallet. Each subaccount has isolated collateral and positions.

Wallet Management

LocalWallet Class

LocalWallet handles cryptographic key management and transaction signing:

import { LocalWallet } from "@oraichain/lfg-client-js";

Creating a Wallet from Mnemonic

The recommended approach for production applications:

const wallet = await LocalWallet.fromMnemonic(
  "your twelve word mnemonic phrase goes here",
  "lfg" // Address prefix
);

console.log("Address:", wallet.address);
console.log("Public Key:", wallet.pubKey?.value);

mnemonic

string

required

A 12 or 24-word BIP39 mnemonic phrase

prefix

string

required

Address prefix. Use "lfg" for LFG DEX networks

Store mnemonics securely in environment variables or secret management systems. Never hardcode them in your source code.

Creating a Wallet from Private Key

Useful for API keys and programmatic access:

const wallet = await LocalWallet.fromPrivateKey(
  "0xYourPrivateKeyHexString",
  "lfg"
);

console.log("Address:", wallet.address);

privateKey

string

required

Private key as hex string (with or without 0x prefix)

prefix

string

required

Address prefix ("lfg" for LFG DEX)

Private keys grant full control over the account. Protect them with the same security as mnemonics.

Generating a New Wallet

Generate a new random wallet:

// Note: The SDK doesn't expose a generate method directly
// You'll typically use external libraries for key generation
import { generateMnemonic } from "bip39";

const mnemonic = generateMnemonic();
const wallet = await LocalWallet.fromMnemonic(mnemonic, "lfg");

console.log("🔐 Save this mnemonic securely:");
console.log(mnemonic);
console.log("\nNew address:", wallet.address);

You’ll need to install bip39 separately: npm install bip39

Subaccount System

What are Subaccounts?

Subaccounts allow you to:

Isolate risk by separating different trading strategies
Manage multiple positions independently
Organize trading activities across different markets

Each subaccount has:

Unique subaccount number (0-127)
Isolated collateral balance
Independent positions and orders

SubaccountInfo Class

SubaccountInfo represents a trading subaccount:

import { SubaccountInfo } from "@oraichain/lfg-client-js";

Creating a Subaccount for Local Wallet

For standard wallet-based trading:

import { LocalWallet, SubaccountInfo } from "@oraichain/lfg-client-js";

const wallet = await LocalWallet.fromMnemonic(mnemonic, "lfg");

// Create subaccount 0 (default)
const subaccount0 = SubaccountInfo.forLocalWallet(wallet, 0);

// Create additional subaccounts
const subaccount1 = SubaccountInfo.forLocalWallet(wallet, 1);
const subaccount2 = SubaccountInfo.forLocalWallet(wallet, 2);

console.log("Subaccount 0:", subaccount0.address, subaccount0.subaccountNumber);
console.log("Subaccount 1:", subaccount1.address, subaccount1.subaccountNumber);

wallet

LocalWallet

required

The LocalWallet instance that controls this subaccount

subaccountNumber

number

required

Subaccount index (0-127). Use 0 for your primary trading account.

Creating a Subaccount with API Key (Permissioned)

For API key-based trading where an API key controls operations on behalf of a main wallet:

import { LocalWallet, SubaccountInfo } from "@oraichain/lfg-client-js";

// API key wallet (signs transactions)
const apiKeyWallet = await LocalWallet.fromPrivateKey(
  process.env.API_KEY_PRIVATE_KEY!,
  "lfg"
);

// Main wallet address (owns the funds)
const mainWalletAddress = "lfg1mainwalletaddress...";

// Authenticator IDs that grant API key permission
const authenticatorIds = [1]; // From getAuthenticators()

// Create permissioned subaccount
const subaccount = SubaccountInfo.forPermissionedWallet(
  apiKeyWallet, // API key signs
  mainWalletAddress, // Main wallet owns funds
  0, // Subaccount number
  authenticatorIds // Permission authenticators
);

wallet

LocalWallet

required

The API key wallet that signs transactions

address

string

required

The main wallet address that owns the subaccount

subaccountNumber

number

required

Subaccount index (0-127)

authenticatorIds

number[]

required

Array of authenticator IDs granting permission to the API key

See the API Key Trading Example below for complete setup.

Querying Subaccount Information

Get Subaccount Balance

const account = await client.indexerClient.account.getParentSubaccount(
  wallet.address,
  0 // parent subaccount number
);

// Access subaccount balances
for (const subaccount of account.subaccount.childSubaccounts) {
  console.log(`Subaccount ${subaccount.subaccountNumber}:`);
  console.log(`  Total Equity: $${subaccount.equity}`);
  console.log(`  Free Collateral: $${subaccount.freeCollateral}`);
  console.log(`  Margin Usage: $${subaccount.marginUsage}`);
}

Get Subaccount Positions

const account = await client.indexerClient.account.getParentSubaccount(
  wallet.address,
  0
);

for (const subaccount of account.subaccount.childSubaccounts) {
  const positions = subaccount.openPerpetualPositions;

  for (const [market, position] of Object.entries(positions)) {
    console.log(`${market}:`);
    console.log(`  Side: ${position.side}`);
    console.log(`  Size: ${position.size}`);
    console.log(`  Entry Price: $${position.entryPrice}`);
    console.log(`  Unrealized PnL: $${position.unrealizedPnl}`);
  }
}

API Key Trading Example

Complete example of API key-based trading:

import {
  CompositeClient,
  LocalWallet,
  SubaccountInfo,
  Network,
  OrderSide,
  Order_TimeInForce,
} from "@oraichain/lfg-client-js";

async function apiKeyTrading() {
  // 1. Create API key wallet
  const apiKeyWallet = await LocalWallet.fromPrivateKey(
    process.env.API_KEY_PRIVATE_KEY!,
    "lfg"
  );

  const mainWalletAddress = process.env.MAIN_WALLET_ADDRESS!;

  // 2. Connect to network
  const network = Network.staging();
  const client = await CompositeClient.connect(network);

  // 3. Get authenticators for main wallet
  const auths = await client.getAuthenticators(mainWalletAddress);
  const authenticatorId = auths.accountAuthenticators[0].id;

  console.log(`Found authenticator ID: ${authenticatorId}`);

  // 4. Create permissioned subaccount
  const subaccount = SubaccountInfo.forPermissionedWallet(
    apiKeyWallet,
    mainWalletAddress,
    0,
    [authenticatorId]
  );

  // 5. Place order using API key
  const currentBlock = await client.validatorClient.get.latestBlockHeight();
  const goodTilBlock = currentBlock + 20;
  const clientId = Math.floor(Math.random() * 100000000);

  const tx = await client.placeShortTermOrder(
    subaccount,
    "ETH-USD",
    OrderSide.BUY,
    3800,
    0.01,
    clientId,
    goodTilBlock,
    Order_TimeInForce.TIME_IN_FORCE_UNSPECIFIED,
    false
  );

  console.log("✅ Order placed via API key!");
  console.log("TX Hash:", Buffer.from(tx.hash).toString("hex"));
}

API keys must be registered with the main wallet’s authenticators before they can trade. This is typically done through the web interface.

Security Best Practices

Secure Key Storage

Never expose private keys or mnemonics in:

Source code
Version control
Log files
Error messages
Client-side code

Use instead:

Environment variables
Secret management services (AWS Secrets Manager, HashiCorp Vault)
Hardware security modules (HSM) for production

Separate API Keys by Purpose

Create different API keys for different purposes:

Trading Bot: Limited to order placement
Withdrawal Key: Separate key for withdrawals
Read-Only: For monitoring and analytics

This limits damage if a key is compromised.

Use Subaccounts for Risk Isolation

Separate trading strategies into different subaccounts:

const conservativeBot = SubaccountInfo.forLocalWallet(wallet, 0);
const aggressiveBot = SubaccountInfo.forLocalWallet(wallet, 1);
const hedging = SubaccountInfo.forLocalWallet(wallet, 2);

If one strategy fails, others remain unaffected.

Implement Key Rotation

Regularly rotate API keys and update your applications:

Generate new API key
Add to authenticators
Update application configuration
Remove old API key
Monitor for unauthorized access

Advanced Usage

Multiple Subaccounts Example

Organize trading strategies across subaccounts:

// Define subaccount purposes
enum SubaccountPurpose {
  SPOT_HEDGING = 0,
  MOMENTUM_TRADING = 1,
  MARKET_MAKING = 2,
  ARBITRAGE = 3,
}

class MultiSubaccountManager {
  private wallet: LocalWallet;
  private subaccounts: Map<SubaccountPurpose, SubaccountInfo>;

  constructor(wallet: LocalWallet) {
    this.wallet = wallet;
    this.subaccounts = new Map();

    // Initialize subaccounts
    this.subaccounts.set(
      SubaccountPurpose.SPOT_HEDGING,
      SubaccountInfo.forLocalWallet(wallet, 0)
    );
    this.subaccounts.set(
      SubaccountPurpose.MOMENTUM_TRADING,
      SubaccountInfo.forLocalWallet(wallet, 1)
    );
    this.subaccounts.set(
      SubaccountPurpose.MARKET_MAKING,
      SubaccountInfo.forLocalWallet(wallet, 2)
    );
  }

  getSubaccount(purpose: SubaccountPurpose): SubaccountInfo {
    return this.subaccounts.get(purpose)!;
  }

  async getBalances(client: CompositeClient) {
    const balances = new Map();

    for (const [purpose, subaccount] of this.subaccounts) {
      const account = await client.indexerClient.account.getParentSubaccount(
        this.wallet.address,
        subaccount.subaccountNumber
      );
      balances.set(purpose, account.subaccount);
    }

    return balances;
  }
}

Common Patterns

Singleton Wallet Instance

// wallet-manager.ts
let walletInstance: LocalWallet | null = null;

export async function getWallet(): Promise<LocalWallet> {
  if (!walletInstance) {
    walletInstance = await LocalWallet.fromMnemonic(
      process.env.MNEMONIC!,
      "lfg"
    );
  }
  return walletInstance;
}

Wallet Factory

// wallet-factory.ts
export class WalletFactory {
  static async createFromEnv(): Promise<LocalWallet> {
    if (process.env.MNEMONIC) {
      return await LocalWallet.fromMnemonic(process.env.MNEMONIC, "lfg");
    } else if (process.env.PRIVATE_KEY) {
      return await LocalWallet.fromPrivateKey(process.env.PRIVATE_KEY, "lfg");
    } else {
      throw new Error("No wallet credentials found in environment");
    }
  }
}

Next Steps

Place Orders

Learn how to place and manage orders

Manage Balances

Query and monitor account balances

Transfers

Deposit, withdraw, and transfer funds

LocalWallet Reference

Complete LocalWallet API documentation

Introduction

Development

Trading Guides

SDK Reference

API Reference

Resources

Overview

Wallet

Subaccount

Wallet Management

LocalWallet Class

Creating a Wallet from Mnemonic

Creating a Wallet from Private Key

Generating a New Wallet

Subaccount System

What are Subaccounts?

SubaccountInfo Class

Creating a Subaccount for Local Wallet

Creating a Subaccount with API Key (Permissioned)

Querying Subaccount Information

Get Subaccount Balance

Get Subaccount Positions

API Key Trading Example

Security Best Practices

Advanced Usage

Multiple Subaccounts Example

Common Patterns

Singleton Wallet Instance

Wallet Factory

Next Steps

Place Orders

Manage Balances

Transfers

LocalWallet Reference

Introduction

Development

Trading Guides

SDK Reference

API Reference

Resources

​Overview

Wallet

Subaccount

​Wallet Management

​LocalWallet Class

​Creating a Wallet from Mnemonic

​Creating a Wallet from Private Key

​Generating a New Wallet

​Subaccount System

​What are Subaccounts?

​SubaccountInfo Class

​Creating a Subaccount for Local Wallet

​Creating a Subaccount with API Key (Permissioned)

​Querying Subaccount Information

​Get Subaccount Balance

​Get Subaccount Positions

​API Key Trading Example

​Security Best Practices

​Advanced Usage

​Multiple Subaccounts Example

​Common Patterns

​Singleton Wallet Instance

​Wallet Factory

​Next Steps

Place Orders

Manage Balances

Transfers

LocalWallet Reference

Overview

Wallet Management

LocalWallet Class

Creating a Wallet from Mnemonic

Creating a Wallet from Private Key

Generating a New Wallet

Subaccount System

What are Subaccounts?

SubaccountInfo Class

Creating a Subaccount for Local Wallet

Creating a Subaccount with API Key (Permissioned)

Querying Subaccount Information

Get Subaccount Balance

Get Subaccount Positions

API Key Trading Example

Security Best Practices

Advanced Usage

Multiple Subaccounts Example

Common Patterns

Singleton Wallet Instance

Wallet Factory

Next Steps